to Bootan-contains notes

ust 1837, arrived at Serampore on the 1st S

them in small cocks, and covered with a small thatch, which answers its purpose as well as a narrow brimmed hat would answer that of an umbrella. Broken earthenware not unfrequently visible in the banks, in some places at the dep

s turning them about with sticks, so as to give each side its share of fire. The women bathe in their ordinary dresses: these though ample are of fine cot

eadth: the banks are low, either wooded to the edge or covered with grass, suc

as no precautions seem to be taken to keep the river clear, no toll whatever should be taken: although the latter is high, the receipts must be very small. Passed Arskally

y continues the same as before. A

day I saw a rustic returning from his labours, with his plough thrown easily across his shoulders; to a strong Englishman the feat of walking home with such a plough, cattle, and all would not be very difficult. Indigo is cut about a foot from the ground, then tied in bundles. Water for steeping it in is raised from the rivers by something

Of birds the black and white peewit is not uncommo

ndigo. Pumps also used, as before observed, for raising water. Passed Moodoo Kully at 5 P.M., a

les. The habits of the black and white kingfisher, Alcedo rudis, are different from those of the other Indian species: it never perches, choosing rather the ground to rest upon: it builds in banks: takes i

oddy. When this is carried to a great extent, the tree either dies or a new apex is formed laterally. The old notches, as might be expected, at length, become much obliterated. It is from the study of such palms that much light will

iles wide, with a very strong current, about a mile to

r vegetation of jheels predominant; that of the jungle continues much the same. Plhugoor continues plentiful. No palmyras. Mangoes ple

y numerous, and occupy in fact almost every spot of ground not subject ordinarily to inundation. Damasonium Indicum, Nymph?a pubescens occur in profusion. The grass

is sown there: it is the red bearded dhan or paddy grass: of this vast quantities are cut for fodder, for, the

d trees. Stravadium in abundance. Sonninia scandens, and Mango, both in abundance. Passed at 5 P.M. Neerangunge, a large native town, and below it Luckepoor. A vast expanse of water appeare

of the country is covered with water several feet dee

country is still very populous, all the more elevated spots havin

addy-birds, the common white ones with black feet, are abundant, and associate in flocks: there is one very nearly allied to this, which is solitary, having black feet with yellow toes. The boats of this district are very simple, something like a Bengal dingy reversed, but they

.-Delayed by

ut less jheelly. The Cook boat was left behind on the 17th in a

cream, until it has succeeded in getting its enemy off to some distance; it then returns, I suppose to its young; otherwise its cr

feeds apparently, in flocks: the Maulmain one is the least common. These with Ardea Indica, the white, black-toed, yellow-beaked Ardea, Ciconia nudiceps a small brown chat?, Pica vagabunda, are the birds of the jheels or rather the dry spots in them. I saw yesterday a flock of the black Ibis, flying in a triangle (>) w

n every direction, although the hills are not 15 miles distant. Pelicans with white and black marked wings occur, together with the slate-colored eagle

h S. spontaneum, is very common and of large size. We reached the S

ed Pundoa are the Khasya or Cossiah range; Pundoa, is the name of a village called by the natives Puddoa. The jheels are for a great part under cultivation. The paddy cultivation is of two kinds; it is either sown in the jhee

n low hills about Chattuc; there is a

n the Soorma; alligators o

up; the remaining wood being confined to ravines, the ridges appearing as if covered with grass. H

boiling water taken with the large thermometer 210?°, by means of the one in wooden case 210?°, temperature

Alstonia, Ophioxylon, Trophis aspera, Urtica naucleiflora, Varec? sp. Impatiens in abundance, oranges in groves occur; at the foot Cryptophragmium venustum; rather higher, Argostemma, and Neckera are common; ?schynanthus fulgens, jack and sooparee commonly cultivated. Then Oxalis sensitiva, a small tender Lycopodium; pine-apples, Pogonatherum crinitum; Gordonia soon commences, probably at 400 feet. Polytrichum aloides appears on banks with Gordonia; Eurya commences above the first cascade. Choripetalum, Modecca, Sonerila about two-thirds up to Mahadeb, and Commelina, C. bengalensis, and Anatherum mu

ese is a species of Zalacca; Impatiens bracteata is very common from near the foot to beyond Mahadeb; but it becomes small and disappears before Moosmai is reac

continue to Churra. Randia, the common one, is found up to 4,000 feet. Cinchona gratissima appears at Moosmai. The first Viburnum, also occu

. Ruellia persic?folia straggles a little lower than these. Smithia commences at Moosmai; Pandanus als

that the only woody vegetation is to be found. The rest of the surface is clothed with grasses, of which a number of species exist, they are chiefly Andropogone?. Two or three Osbeckias exist; a Tradescantia (T. septem clavata) covers certain patches with its bright blue flowers. Three species of Impatiens, two with bright

ndia, Cleyera floribus fragrantis, petalis sepalis oppositi

parts of England, Bucks for instance. None of the trees arrive to any great size. The generality are low,

1 feet; temperature 74°; water boiled at 205°; in the small metal th

hat appears, is Fragaria, the height of which may be estimated at 4,200 feet, this too becomes more common as we ascend; Caryota may be seen, or at least, a palm tree, in ravines as high as 4,000

Balsams of that place disappear almost towards Surureem, as well as the Tradescantia 7-clav

less luxuriant. Spathoglottis, and Anthogonium disappear; Xyris continues in abundance, likewise Eriocaulons, especially the middling-sized on

oosmai. The simple leaved Rubus of Churra, petalis minutis carneis, has ceased; a trifoliate one foliis cordato-rotundatis, existing instead. Most of the grasses continue, but all are comparative

centigrade 19°; water boiled at 95?° of centigrade; 203° Fahr., wooden scale

of the Kala Panee, upwards of four species may be met with. Polygonum (Bistorta) becomes more common on the higher ground between Surureem and Kala Panee, thence diminishing in size and frequency. Polygonum Rheoides becomes abundant towards a height of 5,200 feet, when Pyrus, an apple-like species, and Spir?as make their appearance at 5,300 feet. On the Kala Panee, Bucklandia re-appears, but thence would seem to cease: on the brow of the ascent from this, Pedicularis appears in abundance among grasses, with it Sphacele? At the same height, which cannot be less than 5,400 feet, Carduus or Cnicus, appears. Solidago commences in the valley of the Kala Panee, but becomes more abundant at higher elevations. Sanguisorba appears at 5,400 feet, but in small quantities, and at this height Anisadenia recomm

eature. The principal new ones occur on the descent, consisting of two large Andropogons, one closely allied to A. sch?ranthus and a tall Anthistiria habitu A. arundinacea; a beautiful Saccharum occurs here and there, especially before reaching the Kala Panee and the Gramina Bromoidea, which is the only really European form. On the Kala Panee, scarcely any Podostemon griffithia; except a few small ones, very few signs or appearance of fresh plants. Along the Boga Panee, among the wet rocks which form its banks, a fine Parnassia; a trailing Arbutoidea; a very European looking Quercus; Anesa

oad to Moflong, about which it is very common. H. ovalifolium, is more elevational, scarcely descending below 5,000 feet; H. japonicum is found from towards Mahadeb to Mofl

rds the Kala Panee; altitude 5,000 feet; it nearly commences with two Rhododend

re to Moflong. Buddleia Neemda is found about Churra, but not commonly; and soon disap

e? appear in places about 5,000 feet, Gaultheria continuing as far as Moflong. E

Moflong, none perhaps below 5,000 feet; Prunella occu

the little woody vegetation consisting of stunted shrubs. Immediately around Moflong, the country is excessively bare, not a tree is to be see

The village is small and wretchedly dirty, the paths being the worst of all I have seen on these hil

flora. The hills are covered with low grass, almost a sward. On this, Potentilla, Agrimonia, Geranium as well as in fields, Pisoide

this is uncommon; Delphiniu

ntroduced, and which answers admirably, some turnips

vegetation of Churra, arrives at its boundary, for although many of th

but birds in gener