A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms

us music for their enjoyment.(1) The monks amount to several myriads, most of whom are students of the mahayana.(2) They all receive their food from the common

e monasteries) rooms for monks from all quarters,(5) the use of which is given to tr

are called to their meals by the sound of a bell. When they enter the refectory, their demeanour is marked by a reverent gravity, and they take their seats in regular order, all maintaining a perfect silen

in this country four(9) great monasteries, not counting the smaller ones. Beginning on the first day of the fourth month, they sweep and water the streets inside the city, making a grand display in the lane

in attendance upon it, while devas(14) were made to follow in waiting, all brilliantly carved in gold and silver, and hanging in the air. When (the car) was a hundred paces from the gate, the king put off his crown of state, changed his dress for a fresh suit, and with bare feet, carrying in his hands flowers and incense, and with two rows of attending followers, went out at the gate to meet the image; and, with his head and face (bowed to the ground), he did homage at its feet, and then scattered the flowers and burnt the

a combination of all the precious substances. Behind the tope there has been built a Hall of Buddha,(15) of the utmost magnificence and beauty, the beams, pillars, venetianed doors, and windows being all overlaid with gold-leaf. Besides this, the apartments for the monks are imposingly and elegantly de

O

usic among the Khotener

wang an

ater form of the Buddhi

t corresponding to the

nsport himself and all

vehicle. See Davids

,'" Hibbert Le

ufficient information o

s were provided, farthe

her passages. As the po

' fifth Hibbert Lectur

ha, taken from "The Boo

atement in this text:-

ndness of action, spe

blic and private; so l

share in common with t

eive in accordance with

the mere contents of a

be expected not to dec

'ah; in Cantonese, t'a

sation of the Sanskrit

ting to use for the s

-made familiar by Cunn

hirteenth chapter ther

tendence of Buddha hims

were usually in the for

nted by a long taperin

ying in number. But th

we have in China pagod

now in the Indian Inst

the largest of them is

Khoten. They were inte

nd famous masters of h

the Tiratna tope

s much disputed. The a

partments were made "

e with many guest-ch

for a monastery is u

ly," originally denoti

ansferred to the whole

ame of this monastery,

the monks as vimala,

ials that attend on the

t in that

t been clearly identi

skardu; Beal makes it

be on the Paropamisus,

r some well-known place

ias, appears here

the Chinese copies of t

eading is, proba

en, as Giles says, "ma

r does n

gold, silver, lapis

ralds, and agate. See S

ist Suttas), v

that of Saky

one whose essence ha

me future birth as a m

ain to Buddhahood. Th

not yet attained to par

nt fording a river. Po

China for any idol or i

er signi

thien," or simply "the

aracter called thien

anged with Ti and Shan

tes the devas or Brah

x devalokas. The usag

rahmanism, and still m

ucia

ams call this "the o

ea of a small apartmen

nk of a large "hall."

ery from their refector

d spacious apartment

"Onion" range, calle

the Karakorum, and

n the more northern T'e

of Thibet. It would b

which Fa-Hsi

the meaning here. My

ant to say that the co

the monks mainly on the

selves; and I still hes

ne in the

inomial phrase kung-yan

roughout the narrativ

of substantial contrib

sm, but generally of al

the connexion. Let me

' Manual (pp. 168-170

want. There is no place

ering of flowers befo

akes the place of wor

cy of prayers; and in

asional reading of the

ake place best in the

trees or palms. There a

in Buddhism takes t